Iceberg lettuce is a classic crisphead variety known for its tightly packed, pale green heads and cool, crunchy texture. Perfect for fresh salads, sandwiches, and wraps, it’s a garden staple for spring and fall harvests.

Quick Facts

• Botanical name: Lactuca sativa var. capitata

• Common name: Iceberg Lettuce

• Plant type: Cool-season annual

• Days to maturity: 70–85 days

• Head size: 6–8 inches wide

• Sun exposure: Full sun to light shade

• Hardiness zones: USDA 4–9

• Spacing: 12–16 inches apart

When to Plant

• Spring crop: Sow indoors 4–6 weeks before last frost and transplant when soil is workable.

• Direct sowing: 2–3 weeks before last frost outdoors.

• Fall crop: Start in late summer for harvest in cooler weather.

• Germination time: 7–10 days at 60–70°F (16–21°C)

How to Plant

1. Soil preparation: Rich, well-drained soil with compost or aged manure. pH 6.0–7.0 is optimal.

2. Sowing depth: 1/4 inch deep.

3. Transplanting: Space 12–16 inches apart in rows 18–24 inches apart.

4. Watering: Keep soil consistently moist; shallow roots are sensitive to drying out.

Growing Tips

• Iceberg lettuce prefers cool temperatures (45–75°F).

• Use mulch to regulate soil temperature and reduce weeds.

• Avoid overhead watering to prevent rot and mildew.

• For crisp heads, reduce watering slightly 1 week before harvest.

Harvesting

• Harvest when the head is firm, tight, and about the size of a softball or larger.

• Cut at the base with a clean knife.

• Overmature heads may bolt and lose texture/flavor.

Companion Plants

Grows well near carrots, radishes, beets, and onions. Avoid planting next to brassicas, which may compete for nutrients.

Why Grow Iceberg Lettuce?

Iceberg offers that signature crunch and neutral flavor that’s loved in traditional salads and burgers. It stores well in the fridge, is easy to grow in cooler seasons, and makes an excellent crop for beginner and experienced gardeners alike.