Nasturtiums are vibrant, fast-growing annuals known for their edible flowers and foliage. With bold blooms in shades of orange, yellow, and red, they are equally suited for ornamental use, container planting, and companion gardening.

Quick Facts

• Botanical name: Tropaeolum majus

• Common names: Nasturtium, Indian Cress

• Plant type: Annual

• Days to maturity: 35–52 days (blooms), 60+ days (seed harvest)

• Height: 10–14 inches (bush type), up to 10 feet (vining type)

• Sun exposure: Full sun to partial shade

• Hardiness zones: USDA 2–11 (as annual)

• Spacing: 8–12 inches apart

When to Plant

• Spring (direct sow): Plant outdoors 1–2 weeks after the last frost.

• Indoor starting: Not recommended—nasturtiums dislike transplanting.

• Fall planting: In frost-free zones, sow in fall for winter blooms.

• Germination time: 7–14 days at 60–70°F (16–21°C)

How to Plant

1. Soak seeds: Soak overnight to speed germination.

2. Soil preparation: Prefers poor to average, well-drained soil. Rich soil reduces blooming.

3. Sowing depth: 1/2 inch deep.

4. Watering: Water regularly until established, then reduce frequency—nasturtiums are drought-tolerant once mature.

Growing Tips

• Avoid fertilizing—excess nutrients promote leaves over flowers.

• Bush varieties are ideal for borders and pots; vining types work well in hanging baskets or as ground cover.

• Pinch or trim to encourage bushier growth and continuous blooming.

• Protect young seedlings from slugs.

Harvesting

• Flowers and leaves: Edible and ready once plants are mature; harvest regularly to encourage more blooms.

• Seeds: Can be pickled as “poor man’s capers” or saved for next season. Let pods mature and dry on the plant.

Companion Plants

Nasturtiums are excellent companions for cucumbers, tomatoes, and squash. They deter aphids, whiteflies, and squash bugs, while attracting beneficial insects like hoverflies.

Why Grow Nasturtiums?

They’re one of the easiest edible flowers to grow, requiring little maintenance and thriving even in poor soils. With their cheerful appearance and dual purpose—beauty and function—they’re a staple in both decorative and practical gardens.